strictlysupreme Chapter 659: Two Unbalanced Civil And Military Party Struggles, The Difference Between Mutiny And Re
Chapter 659: Two Unbalanced Civil And Military Party Struggles, The Difference Between Mutiny And Re
On the podium, Yan Changqing looked at the princes Zhu Biao, Zhu Di, Zhu Fan, Zhu Di and other princes below with approval and concluded:
"Party strife existed in every dynasty in the past, and the most common party strife in the court was the party strife between the civil servant group and the military general group.'
"For example, the civil and military struggle between the Jiangzhe Wenchen Group and the Huaixi Xungui Group in the court is also a type of party struggle."
"It's just that this kind of party struggle between civil and military groups, as long as the general civil and military balance is maintained, and it is not like the Song Dynasty that excessively 'emphasized civility and suppressed military affairs', or the other way around, then it is not What could go wrong?"
"But now, due to the destruction and suppression of Han culture by the Yuan Dynasty in the past, as well as successive years of war, the living standards, cultural education levels, and cultural development levels in the north have all fallen far behind those in the south."
“In addition, the national court does not currently occupy a dominant position in the education industry [and] cannot further narrow the gap in cultural and educational development levels between the north and the south.
"If this situation cannot be contained and continues to be allowed to continue."
"Then in the end, it is very likely that there will be a kind of rural party struggle in the Ming Dynasty that uses 'region' as the standard condition for division, that is, regional party struggle!!!"
“And this kind of ‘regional party struggle’ should first break out from the civil servants and scholars in the north and south. "
"As for the regional party disputes between the northern and southern scholars and scholars, when will it break out specifically?"
"Then it depends on when the friction and contradictions between the emperors and scholars in the north and the south will accumulate to the point where the other side cannot bear it."
"For example, as mentioned before, the number of candidates from the north on the national examination list has dropped to only one-tenth of the total number of candidates, and even there is no one from the north on the list.
"Then it will be unacceptable and even more intolerable for a large number of northern candidates to fail."
"At that time, all the failed candidates from the north will definitely appeal together as a group!!!"
"Regardless of whether the failed candidates from the north succeed or fail in their appeal, the candidates from the south will inevitably unite to fight against the candidates from the north."
"If things develop to this point, then regardless of whether there is a [North-South Ranking System] [North and South officials and scholars will begin to fall into the actual North-South party struggle."
"The most that can be said is that with the [North-South Ranking System], the 'North-South Party Struggle' between northern and southern candidates and scholars will develop faster and become more intense!!!"
Having said this, Yan Changqing paused for a moment, giving Prince Zhu Biao, Zhu Di, Zhu Fan, Zhu Di and other princes time to digest, absorb, and understand, while taking another sip of tea to moisten their throats, and then continued:
"For the same reason, since the gap in cultural and educational development levels between the north and the south 447 will lead to party disputes between the northern and southern scholars and scholars."
"So within the same large region, are there no differences in the level of cultural and educational development between different small regions?!!"
"For example, under the large region of the south, there are regions such as Zhejiang, Jiangnan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, and Guangdong."
"Of course, Zhejiang and Jiangnan have the highest level of cultural and educational development, while other regions are far behind."
"Then, wouldn't these small regions get together again and form party disputes for the benefit of their own regions?!!"
"Of course I will!!!"
"At that time, under the Southern Party, it may be divided into the Zhejiang Party, mainly Zhejiang officials, the Qi Party, mainly Shandong officials, the Chu Party, mainly Huguang officials, etc.!!!"
"As regional parties fight together, party officials will inevitably seek to fight for and protect the interests of their own class, region, and party, thereby creating something out of nothing, seeking personal revenge, attacking other party officials, and seizing the interests of other regional parties!!!"
"They even put the interests of their own class, region, and party above the overall interests of the country, the court, and the people of the world!!!"
"And this will inevitably affect the normal operation of the country's court, and even more, the normal life of the people all over the world!!!"
"In the end, no matter who wins or loses in the party struggle, for the country and the court, this is all internal fighting, and it is also consuming the national power of the country and the court!!!"
"In the end, at least the country's strength and vitality will be depleted due to party strife, and at worst, the country and society will be turbulent and divided because of party strife, and even go to destruction!!!"
At the end of the sentence, Yan Changqing let out a long sigh.
Party strife existed in all dynasties in the past, but the party strife in the Ming Dynasty was the craziest, darkest, cruelest and most extreme!!!
The party struggles in the Ming Dynasty can generally be divided into two types.
One is the party struggle between civil and military parties, such as the current battle between the Jiangsu and Zhejiang civil servant groups and the Huaixi Xungui group in the court.
As long as this kind of civil and military party struggle does not "emphasize civility and suppress military power" like the Song Dynasty, leading to a complete imbalance, then there will be no major problems.
At most, between civil and military affairs, the east wind overwhelms the west wind, or the west wind overwhelms the east wind.
But in the long run, the civil and military sides generally maintain a balance.
However, even though the Ming Dynasty did not implement the policy of "emphasis on civility and suppression of military power", the civil and military party struggles in the Ming Dynasty were still completely out of balance twice!!!
The first complete imbalance between civil and military affairs occurred in the original history when Zhu Biao died of illness and Zhu Yuanzhang established Zhu Yunwen as the emperor's grandson.
However, Zhu Yunwen was young and weak, and neither his own prestige nor his own abilities were enough to overwhelm the distinguished generals of Huaixi.
After all, Zhu Yuanzhang's civil and military team was specially prepared for Zhu Biao. In addition to Zhu Biao [perhaps among the local princes, King Zhu Di of Qin, King Zhu Fan of Jin, and King Zhu Di of Yan could still manage to suppress him. live.
And if Zhu Yunwen couldn't suppress it, then Zhu Yuanzhang would naturally have to find a way to suppress Zhu Yunwen, so there was the subsequent "Blue Jade Case"
More than 15,000 people were implicated in the killing due to the Lan Yu case, including Huaixi nobles such as Fu Youde, Feng Sheng, Wang Bi and other princes.
After the Lan Yu case, almost the entire group of noble generals in Huaixi was slaughtered by Zhu Yuanzhang.
There are only a few old first-generation veterans like Geng Bingwen who are good at defending the city, and some second-generation nobles like Li Jinglong who are not useful.
After that, Zhu Yunwen ascended the throne and relied on civil servants such as Qi Tai and Huang Zicheng.
It can be said that since then, the balance between the civil and military parties in the Ming Dynasty has been completely broken.
If it were not for Zhu Di's "Fengtian Jingnan" later, which eliminated a group of civil servants from the Zhu Yunwen period, and at the same time put a group of "Fengtian Jingnan" military generals and nobles back in power.
Then it won't be long before the Ming Dynasty's court atmosphere will gradually change into the same emphasis on culture and restraint on military affairs as in the Song Dynasty!!!
Fortunately, Zhu Di's "Fengtian Jingnan" brought about a big reshuffle and restored the originally broken civil and military balance.
The second complete civil and military imbalance occurred when the Ming Dynasty's "God of War" Mingbao Zong, Mingmen Emperor, and Zhuqi Zhenbei marched, resulting in a huge defeat in the Battle of Tumubao.
In the Tumubao Incident, almost all the military commanders and the noble Marquis who were dispatched were killed in large numbers, and only a handful of people survived.
And the most frightening thing is that among these fallen generals and noble marquises, there are many who have outstanding military talents and can be said to be the pillars of the Ming Dynasty's army.
For example, Grand Master Ying Gong Zhang Fu, Taining Marquis Chen Ying, Pingxiang Bo Chen Huai, Xiangcheng Bo Li Zhen, Sui'an Bo Chen Xun, Xiuwu Bo Shen Rong, Governor Liang Cheng and other military generals and noble marquises, all because of Zhu Qizhen's wrong leadership led to everyone dying in battle!!!
In addition, among the civil servants who stayed behind in the capital, a famous official named Yu Qian and Yu Shaobao emerged. He fought against the idea of moving south, defended firmly, defeated the Oara army, and won the battle to defend the capital, which increased his prestige. Reached the top!!!
At that time, a handwritten letter was passed down from Yu Qian and Yu Shaobao, so all the generals on the border could be said to have bowed their heads and listened!!!
However, the higher Yu Qian's prestige is, the stronger the civil servants' power is in disguise!!!
After all, Yu Qian is still a civil servant after all.
Even if he can treat both civil and military sides equally and not be partial to the civil servants.
But his own existence represents civil servants.
Therefore, the more outstanding his own ability is and the higher his own prestige, the stronger Wen Fang's power will be!!!
In addition, in the previous battle of Tumubao, the generals of the noble marquis were withered on a large scale. The noble marquis of the generals who survived by chance, and the noble marquis of the generals who stayed in the capital, did not have a single general who could compare with Yu Qian and Yu Shaobao. Noble Marquis.
The military commander is a noble marquis, but there is no successor!!!
So after this, the balance between the civil and military sides of the Ming Dynasty was completely broken again, and the civil servants completely overwhelmed the generals!!!
Of course, it is not impossible to restore the balance between civil and military forces.
For example, if the restoration of the Zhu Ming (bhdd) sect is like Zhu Di's "Fengtian Jingnan", he actually relies on a large army to invade the imperial city and regain his throne forcefully.
So under such circumstances, a large number of Jingnan generals will inevitably rise to the throne and become new noble marquises.
At that time, the originally unbalanced civil and military forces will be restored to balance.
But this time there were no ifs. Zhu Jingmen's restoration was essentially just a small-scale palace coup and coup, rather than a massive mutiny and rebellion.
Even if it hadn't happened that Emperor Jingtai was suddenly seriously ill, bedridden, unconscious, and unable to order the palace guards to suppress the unrest.
Then it is impossible for the restoration to be successful just by relying on the more than a thousand troops surrounding Zhu Mingmen's restoration.
Thanks to the painful lessons of the Tang Dynasty and the mature experience of controlling the army in the Song Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty basically eliminated the possibility of military rebellion from the institutional perspective at the beginning of its founding.
In particular, the twenty-six guards who guarded the palace were so firmly locked in the system that they could only be mobilized by the emperor.
All palace guards, except the Jinyi Guards, have strict regulations on their patrol locations and guard change times.
Under normal circumstances, the palace guards only need to act according to the rules.
Once there is a situation where the palace guards need to be mobilized, there must be an edict from the emperor.
Including the commander of the guards, if anyone mobilizes more than 300 people from the capital guard without an order, Officer Zuo Er can kill him on the spot!!!
However, there is a loophole in this that is not a loophole.
That is, once the emperor is seriously ill and unable to issue an edict, no one can mobilize the entire Imperial Guard. They can only stand by and guard each gate step by step, but cannot privately reinforce the troops everywhere.
But even if the palace guards could not send reinforcements everywhere privately, it would be impossible to break through the heavily guarded palace and capture the unconscious Emperor Jingtai with just the strength of the more than a thousand soldiers surrounding Zhu Mingmen.
Therefore, Shi Heng, Xu Youzhen and others who were surrounding Zhu Jingmen's restoration at that time used Taishang Emperor Zhu Jingmen as a shield and first breached Donghua Gate.
Then he turned around and headed towards Neijinshui Bridge, surrounding all the ministers who were preparing to attend the morning court.
Then he coerced the ministers and went straight to Fengtian Palace, forcing the cabinet bachelor to
Chen Xun drafted a restoration edict.
Then he forced the ministers to kowtow and held the enthronement ceremony on the spot.
Then he detained all the ministers and went out of the palace to convey the restoration order to every yamen.
At the same time, in the name of restoring the new monarch, he ordered the imperial guards everywhere to put down their weapons and hand over control of the imperial city.
The whole process lasts from early morning to evening.
For a whole day, the twenty-six imperial guards of the imperial palace were on the side, adhering to their duties and guarding the ten imperial edicts from all over the palace.
But that day, they never waited for the edict that dispatched them to quell the chaos.
So in the end, they had no choice but to put down their weapons and accept the "new king"'s order.
And when Emperor Jing Zuo woke up, it was already too late.
All ministers have recognized the restoration of Taishang Emperor Zhu Mingmen under Zhu Mingmen's coercion.
Government offices throughout the capital have also received news of Taishang's throne.
All the commanders of the 26 Imperial Guards from Wei Cheng Bai Jin to the 26 Imperial Guards were put under guard. The entire imperial city was controlled by more than a thousand mobs brought by Shi Xiang, Zhang Fu and others.
grip.
At this time, even if Emperor Jingtai wakes up, he can only wait and die.
It can be said that during the restoration of Zhu Jingmen, Emperor Jingtai woke up in time, even for a short while.
So as long as there is an edict, the twenty-six imperial guards of Shangzhi, who are tightly imprisoned at various palace gates by the military, can put out the so-called "rebellion" on the spot.
However, there were still no ifs. After all, Emperor Jingtai was still a little short of destiny, or luck, and finally succeeded in restoring the Caijingmen.
Although after Zhu Jingmen's restoration, the court also ushered in a major purge.
But this kind of purge is just a purge of the existing ministers in the court.
Or to put it more bluntly, the purge of a group of ministers who were disloyal to Zhu Jingmen did not change the imbalance between the civil and military parties in the court.
Therefore, since Zhu Jingmen, the atmosphere of the Ming Dynasty has gradually changed into the same emphasis on literature and restraint on military affairs as in the Song Dynasty!!!
In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, if a fourth-level "master" general met a seventh-level general, he would have to dismount from his horse!!!
For example, there are similar records in "Wanli Yehuobian":
"In the past, a man with the surname of Zhejiang Bian Niu was an official and deputy general of the army. He was exposed as Prime Minister Zhang Yongjia and claimed to be a running dog. This column on the right is a common occurrence.
The translation of these sentences is that the deputy commander-in-chief surnamed Niu from Zhejiang once went to see Zhang Cong (Zhang Yongjia), the chief minister of the cabinet, and knelt down and said, "The lackey is crawling to meet Mr. Zhang Ge."
Or "Wanli Yehuobian" records:
"When Jiangling was in charge of the country, the border generals such as Qi Jiguang, the third orphan, and Li Chengliang were granted the fifth rank. They all called themselves Menxia, Mu'en, Xiao, certain, ten thousand heads, and Taozhen."
The meaning of these sentences is that when Zhang Juzheng (Zhang Jiangling) was in power, his generals such as Qi Jiguang and Li Chengliang, although they were ranked among the Three Solitary and Five Lords, they could be said to have the highest status and influence.
The greatest general.
But when I met Zhang Juzheng, I still had to call myself my disciple, Mu En, Xiao, Xian, Wan, kowtow and kneel.
From this we can see how unbalanced the civil and military forces in the Ming Dynasty were at that time!!!
Something like this would be impossible to happen if the civil and military forces were roughly balanced.
To put it bluntly, if any civil servant dared to speak during the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, Wu Chu went to visit him.
Then the general, Marquis Caigui, was able to draw his sword and chop the civil servant on the spot. Afterwards, he would probably only be reprimanded, not even substantively punished.
Even during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, if any civil servant dared to speak, let the military commander, noble marquis, crawl on his knees to pay homage.
So with the fierceness of the Huaixi founding military generals who bought the Marquis, the civil servant's family and even the entire clan could not be saved.
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